Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What treatment option is given to prevent extravasation in infants?

1. Hydrocortisone

2. Hyaluronidase

3. Petroleum jelly

4. Antihistamines

The correct answer is: Hyaluronidase

The treatment option that is given to prevent extravasation in infants is hyaluronidase. This enzyme facilitates the absorption of extravasated fluids and disperses them more effectively. When administered subcutaneously, hyaluronidase increases the permeability of the tissue, allowing for better distribution of the infiltrated fluids and can minimize tissue damage from extravasation. Hyaluronidase is particularly important in neonatal care because infants have delicate skin and tissue, making them more susceptible to complications from extravasation. Using hyaluronidase can help mitigate potential long-term effects associated with the leakage of fluids from intravenous injections or infusions. Other options such as hydrocortisone, petroleum jelly, and antihistamines do not play a role in the prevention or treatment of extravasation. Hydrocortisone is often used for inflammation and allergic reactions, petroleum jelly serves as a moisturizer or barrier, and antihistamines are used to relieve allergy symptoms; none of these address the specific concern of extravasation in a clinical setting.