Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

Which condition contributes to an increased risk for perfusion and oxygenation problems?

1. Compromised cardiac function

2. Increased physical activity

3. Regular hydration

4. Enhanced dietary intake

The correct answer is: Compromised cardiac function

Compromised cardiac function is a condition that directly impacts the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently throughout the body. This inefficiency can lead to inadequate perfusion, which is the process by which blood circulates through the tissue, delivering essential oxygen and nutrients. When cardiac function is impaired, it can result in decreased cardiac output, meaning less blood is being pumped into circulation, which adversely affects oxygen delivery to tissues and organs. In this context, conditions such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, or congenital heart defects can severely limit the heart's efficacy and ultimately compromise oxygenation levels in the body. As a consequence, individuals with compromised cardiac function are at a heightened risk for perfusion issues, which can lead to tissue hypoxia and other serious complications. The other options, such as increased physical activity, regular hydration, and enhanced dietary intake, typically support healthy physiological function. Increased physical activity, for instance, often promotes better cardiovascular health and improved circulation, while proper hydration and a well-balanced diet further enhance overall health and function, reducing the risk of perfusion problems.